Firearm Legislation in 2026: Key Laws Every Gun Owner Should Know

2026 is shaping up to be a pivotal year for firearm legislation across the United States. From permit-to-purchase requirements and assault weapon bans to extreme risk protection orders and ammunition restrictions, gun owners need to stay informed.

Federal Wins for Gun Owners

On the federal level, there's good news. The "One Big Beautiful Bill" eliminates the $200 federal tax stamp requirement on suppressors, short-barreled rifles, short-barreled shotguns, and AOWs, effective January 1, 2026 — a significant change for both current and prospective gun owners. Additionally, a federal appropriations package passed in late 2025 includes provisions protecting veterans' firearms rights by requiring additional due process before the VA may report a veteran to the federal prohibited persons system.

State-Level Restrictions Advancing

At the state level, the picture is more restrictive. Rhode Island's Assault Weapons Ban Act takes effect July 1, 2026, restricting the manufacture, sale, and possession of so-called assault weapons, with exemptions for firearms lawfully owned before that date. Colorado now requires buyers of certain semi-automatic firearms to first obtain a Firearms Safety Course Eligibility Card, and the minimum age to purchase ammunition in the state rises to 21.

In Virginia, several gun control bills — including semi-automatic firearm bans, magazine restrictions, and new industry liability standards — passed the legislature and now await the Governor's signature or veto. California, meanwhile, enacted two new ghost gun laws aimed at increasing transparency from sellers of products commonly used to manufacture untraceable firearms.

The Bottom Line

The legislative landscape in 2026 is moving in different directions depending on where you live. Staying current on both federal and state laws is essential to remaining compliant and protecting your Second Amendment rights.